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Myokinematic Restoration: References

      

Adductors

  • Ford KR, Myer GD, Hewett TE. Valgus knee motion during landing in high school female and male basketball players. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 35(10):1745-50, 2003 October.
  • Reimann R, Sodia F, Klug E. Die umstrittene Rotationswirkung ausgewahlter Muskeln im Huftgelenk. Ann Anat (1996) 178: 353-359.
  • Warwick R, Williams P. Grays Anatomy 1973; (5)566.

Athletic Pubalgia/Osteitis Pubis

  • Dahan R. Rehabilitation of muscle-tendon injuries to the hip, pelvis, and groin areas. Sports Med Arthroscopy Rev. 1997; 3: 326-33.
  • Fricker PA. Osteitis pubis. Sports Med Arthoroscoy Rev. 1997; 5: 305-12.
  • Fricker PA, Taunton JE, Ammann W. Osteitis pubis in athletes: infection, inflammation or injury? Sports Medicine. 1991; 12(4): 266-279.

Hamstring Length & Flexibility

  • Bandy W, Irion J. The effect of time on static stretch on the flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Physical Therapy. Sept 1994; 74(9): 54-59.
  • Bandy W, Irion J. The effect of time on static stretch on the flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Physical Therapy. Sept 1994; 74(9): 54-59.
  • Bandy W, Irion J, Briggler M. The effect of time and frequency of static stretching on flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Physical Therapy. Oct1997;77(10): 1091-1096.
  • Cameron D, Bohannon R. Relationship between active knee extension and active straight leg raise test measurements. JOSPT. May 1993;17(5): 257-260.
  • Clark S, Christiansen A, Hellman D, Hugunin JW, Hurst KM. Effects of ipsilateral anterior thigh soft tissue stretching on passive unilateral straight leg raise. JOSPT. 1999;29(1): 4-12.
  • Corbleet S, Woolsey N. Hamstring muscle length in school-aged children using the sit-and-reach test and the inclinometer measure of hip joint angle. Physical Therapy. Aug 1996;76(8): 850-855.
  • Gajdosik R. Hamstring stretching and posture. Physical Therapy. Apr 1997;77(4): 438-439.
  • Gajdosik R, Rieck M, Sullivan D, Wightman S. Comparison of four clinical tests for assessing hamstring muscle length. JOSPT. Nov 1993;18(5): 614-618.
  • Gajdosik, Lusin. Hamstring muscle tightness-reliability of an active knee extension test. Physical Therapy. July 1983;63(7): 1085-1088.
  • Garrett W, Safran M, Seaber A, Glisson R, Ribbeck B. Biomechanical comparison of stimulated & nonstimulated skeletal muscle pulled to failure. The Am Journal Of Sports Med. 1987;15(5): 448-454.
  • Li Y, McClure P, Pratt N. The effect of hamstring muscle stretching on standing posture and on lumbar and hip motions during forward bending. Physical Therapy. Aug1996;76(8): 836-845.
  • Moore M, Kukulka C. Depression of hoffmann reflexes following voluntary contraction and implications for proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation therapy. Physical Therapy. Apr 1991;71 (4).
  • Moore, Hutton. Electromyographic investigation of muscle stretching techniques. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. May 1980: 322.
  • Osternig L, Robertson R, Troxel R, Hansen P. Muscle activation during PNF stretching techniques. Am Journal Physical Med. 1987; 66(5): 298-307.
  • Wallin D, Bjorn E, Grahn R, Nordenborg T. Improvement of muscle flexibility a comparison between two techniques. Am Journal of Sports Med. 1985;13(4): 263-268.
  • Worrell T, Smith T, Winegardner J. Effect of hamstring stretching on hamstring muscle performance. JOSPT. Sept 1994;20(3): 154-159.

Hamstring Strains

  • Almekinders L, Gilbert J. Healing of experimental muscle strains and the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication. Am Journal of Sports Med. 1986;14(4): 303-308.
  • Best T, Garrett W. Hamstring strains - expediting return to play. The Physician and Sports Medicine. Aug 1996;24(8): 37-44.
  • Burkett L. Causative factors in hamstring strains. Medicine & Science in Sports. Spring 1970;2(1): 39-42.
  • Christensen C, Wiseman D. Strength; the common variable in hamstring strain. Athletic Training. 7(2): 36-40.
  • Garrett W, Califf J, Bassett F. Histochemical correlates of hamstring injuries. The Am. Journal of Sports Med. 1984;12(2): 98-103.
  • Garrett W, Rich R, Nikolaou P, Vogler J. Computed tomography of hamstring muscle strains. Med & Science in Sports & Exercise. 1989;21(5): 506-514.
  • Liemohn W. Factors related to hamstring strains. J. Sports Med. 1978;18: 71-76.
  • Nikolaou P, Macdonald B, Glisson R, Seaber A, Garrett W. Biomechanical & histological evaluation of muscle after controlled strain injury. Am Journal of Sports Med. 1987;15(1): 9-14.
  • Prentice W. Rehabilitation techniques in sports medicine, 2nd Ed. Nov 1993 Mosby-Year Book, Inc. 387-394.
  • Turl S, George K. Adverse neural tension; a factor in repetitive hamstring strain? JOSPT. Jan 1998;27(1): 16-21.

Obstetrics & Gynecology

  • Hulme J. Roll for control, moving beyond kegels to treat incontinence. Physical Therapy Products. Sept 2002: 34-36.

Hamstring Strength

  • Kaminski, Wabbersen, Murphy. Concentric vs enhanced eccentric hamstring strength. Journal of Athletic Training. 1998;33(3): 216-221.
  • Molczyk et al. Reliability of testing the knee extensors and flexors in healthy adult women using a cybex II isokinetic dynamometer. JOSPT. July1991;14(1): 37-41.
  • Worrell, Perrin, Gansneder, Gieck. Comparison of isokinetic strength & flexibility measures between hamstrings injured & noninjured athletes. JOSPT. Mar 1991;13(3): 118-125.

Hamstrings & ACL

  • DeMont R, Lephart S. Repetition drives neuromuscular recovery after ACL Injury. Biomechanics. Apr 1998: 31-37.
  • Maitland M, Ajemian S, Suter E. Quadriceps femoris and hamstring muscle function in a person with an unstable knee. Physical Therapy. Jan 1999;79(1): 66-75.
  • More R, Karras B, Neiman R, Fritschy D, Woo S, Daniel D. Hamstrings - an ACL protagonist. Am Journal of Sports Med. 1993; 21(2): 231-237.
  • Solomonow M, Baratta R, Zhou BH, Shoji H, Bose W, Beck C, D’Ambrosia R. The synergistic action of the ACL & thigh muscles in maintaining joint stability. Am Journal of Sports Med. 1987;15(3): 207-213.
  • Supplement to Biomechanics. Special report ACL injury. Jun 1998.

Hamstrings & Athletes

  • Canale S, Cantler E, Sisk D, Freeman B. A chronicle of injuries of an American inter-collegiate football team. Am Journal of Sports Med. 1981;9(6): 384-389.
  • Heiser T, Weber J, Sullivan G, Clare P, Jacobs R. Prophylaxis & management of hamstring muscle injuries in intercollegiate football players. Am Journal of Sports Med. 1984;12(5): 368-370.
  • Jonhagen S, Nemeth G, Eriksson E. Hamstring injuries in sprinters; the role of concentric & eccentric hamstring muscle strength & flexibility. The Am Journal of Sports Med. 1994;22(2): 262-266.
  • McMaster W, Walter M. Injuries in soccer. Am Journal of Sports Med. 1978;6(6): 354-357.
  • Ross M, Dahlke B. On the run: assessment of hamstring function following injury. Phys Ther Products. May/June 2000:13-16.

Hamstrings & SLR Testing

  • Bohannon. Cinematographic analysis of the passive straight-leg-raising test for hamstring muscle length. Physical Therapy. Sept 1982;62(9): 1269-1274.
  • Bohannon. Effect of repeated eight-minute muscle loading on the angle of straight -leg raising. Physical Therapy. Apr 1984;64(4): 491-497.
  • Bohannon R, Gajdosik R, Leveau. Contribution of pelvic and lower limb motion to increases in the angle of passive straight leg raising. Physical Therapy. Apr 1985;65(4): 474-476.
  • Hsieh, Walker, Gillis. Straight Leg-Raising Test. Physical Therapy. Sept 1983;63(9): 1429-1433.

Hamstrings Related to Back & Hip

  • Bohannon, Gajdosik, Leveau. Relationship of pelvic thigh motions during unilateral and bilateral hip flexion. Physical Therapy. Oct1985;65(10): 1501-1504.
  • Gajdosik R, Albert C, Mitman J. Influence of hamstring length on the standing position & flexion range of motion of the pelvic angle, lumbar angle, & thoracic angle. JOSPT. Oct 1994;20(4).
  • Gajdosik, Simpson, Smith, Dontigny. Pelvic tilt-intratester reliability of measuring the standing position and range of motion. Physical Therapy. Feb 1985;65(2): 169-174.
  • Gold K, Franklin C, North C, Keating C. Effects of hamstring - specific exercise in chronic low back pain patients. NE Spine Center, LLP, Omaha, NE.
  • Sihvonen T. Flexion relaxation of the hamstring muscles during lumbar pelvic rhythm. Arch Phys Med Rehab. May 1997;78.
  • Stokes I, Abery J. Influence of the hamstring muscles on lumbar spine curvature in sitting. Spine. Nov/Dec 1980;5(6): 525-528.
  • Youdas J, Garrett T, Harmsen S, Suman V, Carey J. Lumbar lordosis and pelvic inclination of asymptomatic adults. Physical Therapy. Oct 1996;76(10): 1066-1081.

Hip Impingement

  • Lewis CL, Sahrmann SA. Acetabular labral tears. Phys Ther. 2006;86(1):110-121.
  • Lewis CL, Sahrmann SA. Acetabular labral tears. Phys Ther. 2006;86(1):110-121.
  • Martin RL, Enseki KR, Draovitch P, Trapuzzano T, Philippon M. Acetabular labral tears of the hip: examination and diagnostic challenges. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006:36(7):503-515.
  • Narvani A, Tsiridis E, Tai C, Thomas P. Acetabular labrum and its tears. Review of Br J Sports Med 2003;37:207-211.
  • Nicholls R. Intra-articular disorders of the hip in athletes. Physical Therapy in Sport, 2004.
  • Simoneau G, Hoenig K, Lepley J, Papanek P. Influence of hip position and gender on active hip internal and external rotation. JOSPT 28 (3) Sept 1998.

Orthopedic

  • Arendt E. Management of patellofemoral disorders. Orthopedic special edition. 2001:7(2).
  • Bohannon R, Gajdosik R, & LeVeau B. Relationship of pelvic and thigh motions during unilateral and bilateral hip flexion. Physical Therapy. 1985;65(10): 1501-1504.
  • Cummings G, Scholz P, Barnes K. The effect of imposed leg length difference on pelvic bone symmetry. Spine.1993;18(3): 368-373.
  • Dananberg H. Subtle changes in walking posture may be the root of many painful conditions. Advance for Directors in Rehab. March 2002:47-51.
  • Defazio G, et al. Primary cervical dystonia and scoliosis; a multicenter case-control study. Neurology 2003;60: 1012-1015.
  • DeRosa C, Porterfield J. Weightbearing. Biomechanics, December 2000:14-30.
  • Dowling R, Hruska R. Hamstring injuries require triplanar assessment. Biomechanics, Feb 2003.
  • Dunn J, Graham S. Treating dancers. Advance for Physical Therapists and PT Assistants. Feb 4, 2002:37-40.
  • Eckhoff D, Brown A, Kilcoyne R, & Stamm E. Knee version associated with anterior knee pain. Clin Orthop. 1997 Jun;(339): 152-5.
  • Eckhoff DG, Montgomery WK, Kilcyne RF, Stamm ER. Femoral morphometry and anterior knee pain. Clin Orthop. 1994 May; (302): 64-8.
  • Fowler C. Muscle energy techniques for pelvic dysfunction. In: Grieve GP, ed. Modern manual therapy of the vertebral column. Edinburgh, Churchill Livingstone;1986: 805-814.
  • Frey L, Haftel H. Shoulder, knee, and hip pain as initial symptoms of juvenile ankylosing spondylitis: a case report. JOSPT. Feb 1998; 27 (2):167-172.
  • Friberg O. Clinical symptoms and biomechanics of lumber spine and hip joint in leg length inequality. Spine. 1983;8(6): 643-650.
  • Gray G, Dowling R, Gambetta V. Back out again? Training and Conditioning. Dec 2000:15-21
  • Hesch J. Letter to the editor. Sacroiliac joint. The Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2000;8(1): 29-31.
  • Hides JA, Jull GA, Richardson CA. Long-term effects of specific stabilizing exercises for the first-episode low back pain. Spine, Vol 26(11). June 1, 2001.e243-248.
  • Hodges PW. Is there a role for transverses abdominis in lumbo-pelvic stability? Manual Therapy. 1999;4(2): 74-86.
  • Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Delayed postural contraction of transversus abdominis in low back pain associated with movement of the lower limb. J Spinal Disord. 1998;11:46-56.
  • Hruska RJ. Management of pelvic-thoracic influences on temporomandibular dysfunction. Orthopedic Physical Therapy Clinics of North America. June 2002; 11 (2): 263-284.
  • Hruska RJ. Pelvic stability influences lower extremity kinematics. Biomechanics. 5(6): 23-29.
  • Innes K. The pronated foot and the lumbo-pelvic area. CD Scarborough, Ontario Canada.
  • Jansa S. Femoralpatellar dysfunction. Advance for Physical Therapists and PT Assistants. Feb 1, 1999.
  • Klein KK. Progression of pelvic tilt in adolescent boys from elementary through high school. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1973; 54: 57-59.
  • Krengel W & King H. Scoliosis: diagnostic basics and therapeutic choices. Journal of Musculoskeletal Medicine. 1995;12(9): 54-69.
  • Lee D. The pelvic girdle (2nd Ed.) - An approach to the examination and treatment of the lumbo-pelvic-hip region. Edinburgh, London, New York, Philadelphia, Sydney, Toronto: Churchill Livingstone, 1999.
  • Manoli A, Graham B. Cavus foot diagnosis determines treatment. Biomechanics. Jan 2001:55-69
  • Marshall C, Knutzen K. Female knee reclaims strength after ACL injury. Biomechanics. Jan 2001: 43-52
  • Matava M, Hollman J, Deusinger R. Knee kinematics underscore gender differences. Biomechanics. Feb 2002:77-85.
  • Maxwell GM and McCrackin H.J. Geometrical constraints on the rotational function of the femoral adductors in man. J Biomed, Eng. Jul 1983;5: 253-256.
  • Meknas K, Christensen A, Johansen O. The internal obturator muscle may cause sciatic pain. Pain. 2003 Jul;104(1-2):375-80.
  • Moore K, Dalley A. Clinical oriented anatomy, 4th Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 1999.
  • Noonan KJ, Weinstein SL, Jacobson WC, et al, Univ of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Use of the Milwaukee brace for progressive idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg. Apr 1996;78-A: 557-567.
  • Norkin C, Lebangie P. Joint structure and function: a comprehensive analysis, 2nd Edition. FA Davis, Philadelphia.
  • Pearson WM. A progressive structural study of school children. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1951;51: 155-167.
  • Pearson WM. Early and high incidence of mechanical faults. J Osteopath 1954; 61:18-23.
  • Roos H. Hip pain in sport. Sports Med and Arthroscopy Review. 1997; 5:292-300.
  • Rothstein JM. Editor’s Note: What we don’t know can hurt us. Physical Therapy. Oct 2002;82(10).
  • Schamberger, W. The malalignment syndrome, implications for medicine and sport. Churchill Livingstone 2002.
  • Sikorski JM, Peters IW. The importance of femoral rotation in chondromalacia patellae as shown by serial radiography. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. Nov 1979;61-8( 4).
  • Song K, MD & Herring J, MD. Early recognition and assessment of idiopathic scoliosis. J Musculoskel Med. 1993;10(4): 63-76.
  • Swedan N. Women’s sports medicine and rehabilitation. 2001. Aspen Publishers, Inc.
  • Timm KE. Randomized controlled trial of Protonics on patellar pain, position and function. Med Sci Sports Exerc. May 1998;30(5): 665-70.
  • Valmassy R. Clinical biomechanics of the lower extremities, 1st Ed. Mosby, 1996.
  • Vleeming A, Mooney V, Dorman T, Snijders C, Stoeckart R. Movement stability & low back pain. The essential role of the pelvis. Churchill Livingstone, 1997.

Neurology

  • Chong D. Stop pushing. Advance Dec 2006;32-34.
  • Cowan S, Bennell K, Hodges P, Crossley K, McConnell J. Delayed onset of electromyographic activity of vastus medialis obliquus relative to vastus lateralis in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Feb 2001; 82.
  • Grabiner MD, Koh TJ, Draganich LF. Neuromechanics of the patellofemoral joint. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, August 1993
  • Hebert LJ, Gravel D, Arsenault AB, Tremblay G. Patellofemoral pain syndrome; the possible role of an inadequate neuromuscular mechanism. Clinical Biomechanics 9(2): 93-97.
  • Reisman D, Scholz JP. Aspects of joint coordination are preserved during pointing in persons with post-stroke hemiparesis. Brain 2003;(126):2510-2527.
  • Travell and Simons. Myofascial pain and dysfunction, the trigger point manual, the lower extremities. 1992. Williams and Wilkins Volume 2, page 259.
  • Voight ML, Wieder DL. Comparative reflex response times of vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis in normal subjects and subjects with extensor mechanism dysfunction; an electromyographic study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 1991; 19(2).
  • Witvrouw E, Sneyers C, Lysens R, Victor J, Bellemans J. Reflex response times of vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis in normal subjects and in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome. JOSPT. Sept 1996; 24(3): 160-165.

Patellar Tracking/Knee Impairments

  • Biomechanics. By the numbers: patellofemoral pain. Biomechanics, July 2005.
  • Denton J, Willson J, Ballantyne B, Davis I. The addition of the protonics brace system to a rehabilitation protocol to address patellofemoral joint syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. April 2005;35(4):210-219.
  • Grelsamer R. The argument for in vitro testing of the patella. Biomechanics. Mar 1997: 29-33.
  • Jette D, Jette. Physical therapy and health outcomes in patients with knee impairments. Physical Therapy. Nov 1996;76(11): 1178-1187.
  • Mangine R, Bilbo J, Mangine M. Knee rehabilitation - examining external supports for patella pathology. Biomechanics/Phys Ther. May 1997: 7-9.
  • Piva S, Goodnite E, and Childs J. Strength around the hip and flexibility of soft tissues in individuals with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35(12):793-801.
  • Powers C, Landel R, Perry J. Timing and intensity of vastus muscle activity during functional activities in subjects with and without patellofemoral pain. Physical Therapy. Sept 1996;76(9): 946-955.
  • Powers C, Perry J, Hsu A, Hislop H. Are patellofemoral pain and quadriceps femoris muscle torque associated with locomotor function? Physical Therapy. Oct 1997;77(10): 1063-1075.
  • Tiberio D. Kinetic chain. Biomechanics/Phys Ther. May 1997: 15-16.

Posture

  • Inglis JT, Horak FB, Shupert CL, Jones-Rycewicz C. The importance of somatosensory information in triggering and scaling automatic postural responses in humans. Exp Brain Res 1994;(101):159-164.
  • Hodges PW, Cresswell AG, Daggfeldt K, Thorstensson A. Three dimensional preparatory trunk motion precedes asymmetrical upper limb movement. Gait Posture. 2000;11:92-101.
  • Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Inefficient muscular stabilization of the lumbar spine associated with low back pain. A motor control evaluation of transversus abdominis. Spine. 1996;21:2640-2650.
  • Hodges PW, Richardson, CA. Transversus abdominis and the superficial abdominal muscles are controlled independently in a postural task. Neurosci Lett. 1999;265:91-94.

Vision Vestibular Influences on Asymmetry

  • Valentino B and Fabozzo A. Interaction between the muscles of theneck and the extraocular muscles of the myopic eye - An electromyographic study. Surg Radiol Anat 1993; 15:321-323.